As a key equipment for controlling air quality, the rational selection of air filters directly affects the purification effect and operating costs. Whether it is in medical cleanrooms, industrial workshops, or commercial office spaces, it is necessary to select suitable products based on pollutant characteristics, cleanliness requirements, and environmental conditions to achieve efficient and energy-saving purification goals.
Medical Cleanrooms: High-Precision Filtration Under Strict Standards
Operating rooms, ICUs, and pharmaceutical workshops in the medical field have extremely high requirements for the control of microorganisms and suspended particles. Such scenarios require the use of High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters or Ultra-Low Penetration Air (ULPA) filters. Among them, HEPA has a filtration efficiency of ≥99.97% for 0.3μm particles, and ULPA can reach a filtration precision of ≥99.999%, which can effectively intercept bacteria, viruses, and aerosols. At the same time, the filter must be corrosion-resistant and easy to disinfect, and cooperate with the clean air conditioning system to form a unidirectional airflow organization, ensuring that the concentration of air suspended particles in the clean area meets the requirements of GB 50333 "Technical Code for Construction of Hospital Clean Operating Departments".
Industrial Production: Targeted Response to Complex Pollutants
The pollution components in industrial scenarios are more complex, and the selection should be based on specific pollutant types:
- Mechanical processing workshops: Mainly containing metal dust and oil mist, it is preferable to choose a combination of pre-filters and medium-efficiency filters. The pre-filter intercepts large particle dust (≥5μm), and the medium-efficiency filter handles 1-5μm particles, reducing subsequent equipment loss.
- Electronic semiconductor workshops: Sensitive to molecular-level pollutants, it is necessary to be equipped with **chemical filters**, which remove VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) and acidic gases through adsorbent materials such as activated carbon and molecular sieves to avoid corrosion of precision components.
- Food processing workshops: Need to take into account particle filtration and anti-mildew functions. The filter material should meet food-grade safety standards and have an anti-backflow design to prevent cross-contamination.
Commercial and Office Spaces: Balancing Efficiency and Energy Consumption
In crowded places such as shopping malls and office buildings, the main pollutants are PM2.5, pollen, and human metabolites. For such scenarios, medium to high-efficiency filters (F8-H11 class)** can be selected, which ensure a filtration efficiency of ≥85% for 0.5μm particles while reducing fan energy consumption. In addition, the dust-holding capacity of the filter is a key indicator - the larger the dust-holding capacity, the longer the replacement cycle, which can reduce maintenance costs. For newly decorated office areas, it is recommended to add activated carbon filters to assist in removing formaldehyde and other decoration residual gases.
Residential Homes: Adapting to Environmental and Health Needs
Air filters used in homes should be selected according to the characteristics of the living environment:
- For residences facing the street: Emphasis on particle filtration, and priority should be given to products with a CADR (Clean Air Delivery Rate) value matching the room area. For example, a 30㎡ room requires a CADR value of ≥300m³/h.
- For families with allergic people: Need to target allergens such as pollen and dust mites, and choose filters with HEPA filter + antibacterial coating to reduce allergen transmission.
- For humid areas in the south: It is recommended to choose filters with anti-mildew functions to prevent mold growth on the filter screen due to high humidity.
Core Principles for Selection
1. Clarify the cleanliness level: Determine the required filtration efficiency according to standards such as GB/T 16292-2010 "Test Method for Suspended Particles in Clean Rooms (Areas) of Pharmaceutical Industry" or ISO 14644.
2. Calculate air volume and resistance: The rated air volume of the filter should match the air volume of the air conditioning system. Excessive resistance will increase energy consumption, while insufficient resistance cannot meet the purification requirements.
3. Consider maintenance costs: Select the optimal comprehensive cost plan based on the replacement cycle, filter price, and installation convenience.
Correct selection needs to be based on accurate analysis of environmental pollutants. It is recommended to match the filter type after professionally detecting the type and concentration of pollutants. A reasonable filtration scheme can not only ensure air quality but also extend the service life of the air conditioning system, achieving long-term energy saving.
